Essay Capital Punishment vs. Life Imprisonment - 2197 Words

There are always two sides to every issue and capital punishment or life imprisonment is no different. This has been a very controversial issue for decades and still is today. Capital Punishment also known as the death penalty is defined as being the penalty of death for a crime. Some feel that capital punishment should be abolished because it is cruel; others believe life in prison is just as cruel. There are many reasons for the support of Capital Punishment and for Life in Prison. Capital punishment is the death penalty, or execution which is the sentence of death upon a person by judicial process as a punishment for a crime like murdering another human and being found guilty by a group of jurors who have listen to a court hearing†¦show more content†¦Life in prison is thought to be a more humane and less cruel sentence than the death penalty. Life in prison still offers a person a chance to enjoy parts of their life, by still being able to keep it touch with their families. Someone who is placed in prison in their twenties has a chance to grow up and see what they did was wrong. This is where the problem comes in for most people, because some people change. The history of the death penalty is not new it’s been around for hundreds of years. The death penalty was used in American by the start of the American Revolution; the death penalty was used in all 13 colonies. Rhode Island was the only colony that did not have at least 10 crimes punishable by death. (Reggio, 2009) It should come at no real shock that Rhode Island was the first state to outlaw the death penalty for all crimes. At one point in our history public executions, such as hangings, where thought to be cruel so it was then changed to private exactions. Our Founding Fathers allowed for death penalty when writing the constitution in 1787. At one point in our history public executions, such as hangings, where thought to be cruel so it was then changed to private exactions. On August 6, 1890, New York State used an electric chair to carry out the first execution by electrocution. As it turned out, the process was hardly quick or painless. Despite the gruesome procedure, people still thought electrocution was more humane and efficient than previousShow MoreRelatedThe Integral Role Sentencing Plays in the Criminal Justice Process904 Words   |  4 PagesThese philosophies are: Retribution- Retribution is a philosophy that a wrong doer who has freely chosen to violate society’s rules must be punished. Retribution relies on the principal of â€Å"just deserts†, this holds that the severity of the punishment hold to the severity of the crime. This philosophy is not the same as revenge because retribution is more concerned with the rules of society as a whole, rather than the individualism revenge has had on the victim or victims the offender. MostRead MoreIs the Death Penalty an Effective Deterrent?1677 Words   |  7 PagesResearch Question: Is the Death Penalty an Effective Deterrent? Honeyman, J. C., Ogloff, J. P. (1996). Capital punishment: Arguments for life and death. Canadian Journal Of Behavioural Science/Revue Canadienne Des Sciences Du Comportement, 28(1), 27-35. The main purpose of this article was to investigate the effects of the death penalty and the justification for the punishment. A key question the authors looked to answer was whether or not the participants arguments of what sentenceRead MoreDeath Penalty vs Life Imprisonment874 Words   |  4 PagesDeath Penalty vs. Life Imprisonment The death penalty is a widely discussed issue in the United States. Should the government still impose the death penalty for certain crimes? Or should the punishment be life imprisonment? This essay will discuss the different viewpoints on the death penalty and life imprisonment. Capital punishment, also called the death penalty, is the pre-meditated and planned taking of a human life by the government in response to a crime committed by the convicted personRead MoreLife Imprisonment1378 Words   |  6 Pages| LIFE IMPRISONMENT IS A GOOD ALTERNATIVE TO CAPITAL PUNISHMENT | Can life imprisonment be a good alternative to death penalty? The issue remains unresolved. Even the US Supreme Court that had abolished ‘Death Penalty’ reversed its decision when new and less cruel methods of execution were introduced.  Why does a society punish its members for certain acts that are offensive and unacceptable to its laws and codes? This can be a starting point of exploring our dilemma about death penalty vs. lifeRead More Death Penalty Essay664 Words   |  3 Pagesform of punishment for criminals. In my opinion, the death penalty should be abolished because it costs taxpayers much more than sending an inmate to prison and there is no factual evidence that it has any greater deterrent effect than life imprisonment. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;One major reason that I believe that the death penalty should be abolished is because the expenses of the death penalty greatly exceed those of life imprisonment. â€Å"Maintaining a system of Capital Punishment is far moreRead MoreEssay on Does the Government have the Right to Play God?1054 Words   |  5 PagesCapital Punishment Does the Government have the right to â€Å"play God†? While researching this topic, the information available against capital punishment is overwhelming. This alone does not reflect why my attitude and convictions on the subject has changed. The sanctity of life is priceless. It is my belief that only God has the authority to decide when our time on Earth should end. Ronald Carlson’s sister was murdered in 1983 in Texas. Before Carlson’s sister’s death, he said he didRead MoreEssay about 8th Amendment1153 Words   |  5 PagesThe Eighth Amendment The 8th Amendment to the Constitution of the United States prohibits cruel and unusual punishment, as well as the setting of excessive bail or the imposition of excessive fines. However, it has also been deemed unconstitutional by the Supreme Court of the United States (according to the Eighth Amendment)to inflict physical damage on students in a school environment for the purpose of discipline in most circumstances. The 8th Amendment stipulates that bail shall notRead MoreThe Moral, Legal, and Economical Aspects of Capital Punishment1509 Words   |  7 PagesCapital punishment has long been a topic for heated debate throughout the United States of America and the civilized world. For many politicians, the death penalty has been a key pillar to winning a state or election; and, to some extent, politics have been a key influence in America’s justice system. Many nations have outlawed capital punishment, with the United States included between 1972 and 1976. In the United States, there has been a renewed movement for this â€Å"eye for an eye† method, citingRead MoreEssay about The Eighth Amendment1138 Words   |  5 PagesThe 8th Amendment to the Constitution of the United States prohibits cruel and unusual punishment, as well as the setting of excessive bail or the imposition of excessive fines. However, it has also been deemed unconstitutional by the Supreme Court of the United States (according to the Eighth Amendment)to inflict physical damage on students in a school environment for the purpose of discipline in most circumstances. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The 8th Amendment stipulatesRead MoreDeath Penalty for Murders1634 Words   |  6 Pagessevere punishment in the United States. People who have performed heinous crimes can be sentenced to capital punishment in some states; however, this type of chastisement is rarely performed. Capital punishment has more negative aspects than it has positive. The states that have legalized the death penalty face the excessive costs associated with it, which can be damaging to their economies. In addition, there is always the chance of executing an innocent person when carrying out capital punishment

Analysis Of The Poem Fences - 1798 Words

Youssef Tawakol English-lit E-band 6/2/2016 Symbol of Fences: Defying Reality August Wilson’s Fences, is a dramatic play that spotlights on the attributes of black life in the mid to late twentieth century and emphasizes the strains of society on African Americans. Focusing on the lives of normal African Americans, the author also recognizes the significance of the family ties and how they relate to the society. He mentions symbols such as sports and fences in the story to relate to many topics mainly all of the topics pile up to the prism of race and its impact on the lives of typical African Americans at that time. Wilson uses the symbol of fences in his play, physically and mentally, in numerous occasions to symbolize protection, Rose and Troy Maxson’s relationship, and Troy s fight against Death in order to convey the characters incapability of facing reality. Throughout the play, Rose manifests the symbol of fences as a mean of protection for her loved ones and from her own problems. Rose was portrayed in the book as an ever-dutiful wife w ho cares about her family and loved ones more than anything. Troy for example sometimes acts as a jerk around her but she sets him straight and when he makes sexual remarks in front of company she tells him to stop it therefore Rose is portrayed as very caring andShow MoreRelatedPoem Analysis of Mending Wall1121 Words   |  5 Pages***** ******** October 20, 2011 Professor ****** Poem Analysis Mending Wall I chose this poem because the wall reminds me of my personal struggles with other people. When people annoy or bother me I instantly put up an imaginary wall between me and that person. They ask me to stop ignoring them and I just shrug their request, just like in this poem. I decide that the wall between us is better up than down because I was afraid of getting mad and saying things that I would regret later on. Read MoreAnalysis of Mending Wall by Robert Frost Essay670 Words   |  3 PagesAnalysis of Mending Wall by Robert Frost Robert Frost is describing a process in Mending Wall, which is repairing a wall that separates his territory and his neighbors. The wall was deteriorated during the winter, when the cold frost created cracks and gaps in the wall. He uses a nearly infantile imagination to unravel the mystery of the damage that appeared suddenly in spring. While they are tediously laboring to reconstruct the fence, Frost is imploring his neighbor about the useRead MoreThe Importance Of Innocence In Wendy Copes Reading Scheme1245 Words   |  5 Pagesillusion of reality to protect what the individual desires to be true to what is actual. In Wendy Cope’s poem â€Å"Reading Scheme,† Cope writes about an affair more from the perspective of children by using the villanelle form to illustrate the inability of the children to make connections and ultimately argue that innocence is an illusion. In order to understand the illusion of innocence in Wendy Cope’s poem we will first familiarize ourselves on the topic of innocence by looking at two different articlesRead MoreRobert Frosts Mending Wall1210 Words   |  5 PagesAnalysis Mending Wall, By Robert Frost In Mending Wall, Robert Frost uses a series of contrasts, to express his own conflict between tradition and creation. By describing the annual ritual of two neighbors repairing the wall between them, he contrasts both neighbors through their ideas and actions, intertwining the use of parallelism and metaphors, in order to display his own innermost conflict as a poet; the balance between what is to be said and what is to be left to the reader, the balanceRead More the mending wall Essay557 Words   |  3 Pages ANALYSIS #2: THE MENDING WALL nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In the poem, â€Å"The Mending Wall† Frost creates a lot of ambiguity in order to leave the poem open for interpretation. Frost’s description of every detail in this poem is very interesting, it leaves the reader to decide for themselves what deductions they are to be making of the poem. To begin with, Frost makes literal implications about what the two men are doing. For instance, they are physically putting theRead MoreAnalysis Of Robert Frost s The Mending Wall 1311 Words   |  6 PagesIn Robert Frost the Mending Wall it is about the obligation of boundaries and the deceiving influences employed to abolish them. The poem shows how two individuals have different opinions on a wall that divides their properties. As the poem goes on, one would think that there is a connection between the two, through the rebuilding of the wall every spring. Richard Cory and Miniver Cheevy have many similarities as well as differences, on one hand you have a rich and depressed individual that is admiredRead MoreEssay about Analysis of Home Burial by Robert Frost970 Words   |  4 PagesAnalysis of Home Burial by Robert Frost Robert Frost wrote the poem Home Burial after he and his wife suffered the tragic loss of their 4-year-old son. Home Burial shows the emotions people feel after such a loss, and how they face those emotions. Through Frosts experience he shows that men and women grieve in different ways. In Home Burial Frost demonstrates, through the husband, that in the grieving process men tend to show strength. Throughout the poem you see the husband proceedRead MoreThe Mending Wall By Robert Frost Essay1695 Words   |  7 PagesRobert Frost`s poem â€Å"The Mending Wall† was first â€Å"published in 1914 by David Nutt in North of Boston† (Modern American Poetry). This poem is narrated by a New England farmer, who does not want to build a wall between the two farms. Some scholars may see this term â€Å"Wall† as a boundary line between two countries. Others can argue that this is an allegory, which depicts how neighbors as well are in the human sense, must care for and try to understand one another in spite the differences. I will argueRead More Analysis of Edmund Wallers Poem On a Girdle Essay1120 Words   |  5 PagesAnalysis of Edmund Wallers Poem On a Girdle At first glance, Edmund Waller’s poem â€Å"On a Girdle† seems to suggest nothing more than praise of one woman’s fair beauty and the speaker’s love for her. After diving deeper into the text, however, it becomes apparent that the speaker does a much better job of praising himself than the woman. His love is more a lust for control and possession than a true declaration of sentiment. Waller uses extreme imagery and exaggeration to seemingly praiseRead MoreEssay on Analysis of Mending Wall by Robert Frost2085 Words   |  9 PagesAnalysis of Mending Wall by Robert Frost Robert Frost was inspired to write Mending Wall after talking with one of his farming friend Napoleon Guay. He learned from talking with his neighbor that writing in the tones of real life is an important factor in his poetic form (Liu,Tam). Henry David Thoreau once stated that, â€Å"A true account of the actual is the purest poetry.† Another factor that might have played a role in inspiring Frost to write this poem was his experience of living on a farm

America and the World Free Essays

The American power has been well-recognized in all parts of the world. The series of war that are participated by America –namely: World War II and the Cold War – have given the image of a country which has power over other countries. After the fall of the Soviet Union, the United States has been the sole superpower in the world. We will write a custom essay sample on America and the World or any similar topic only for you Order Now Since then, America has been part of almost all international gatherings and endeavors to promote the concept of globalization – making the world a single place for all the citizens of the world. During these times, America has been able to prove that their superpower is not only premised on their political capabilities but also on supreme economic status. Being one of the First World Countries, America is really an economically well-off country. And it has proven its economic supremacy in the global economy. In effect, most countries, especially those that are developing and underdeveloped countries, are seeking support from the American government to pursue their own economic progress. In addition, the rise of the American culture has also become one of the most controversial international issues in the current global scenario. People from around the world are trying to be like their Hollywood idols. The McDonalds and the Coca-Cola â€Å"syndrome† are also affecting the people from all over the world. In fact, the two are always present in almost all nation-states in the world (Sloan). These are just few of the things that promote the American culture. The popularity that America has since then and up to the present is undeniably a sign of how great its power is. However, other countries perceive this thing as a tactic or strategy of America to dominate the world. There are countries that do not patronize America. Therefore not all countries or people have faith in American influence or power. They view the acts of America as ways to Americanize the world. They claim that America only wanted to expand and amplify its power all over the world such that it has been very active in particular international issues (Sloan). Nevertheless, as Alkman Granitsas said in his column in YaleGlobal Online, America has been, in fact, tuning out the world. This implies that America has been trying to move away from the global village. Instead America has just wanted to focus its dwellings on its domestic affairs. The first reason that is raised by Granitsas is that America has become conceited by the fact that almost one-third of the world’s population wants to get in their country. Secondly, America has realized that if almost all people in the world want to be in America, and more countries look upon America for economic assistance and other political purposes, then what is there in the outside of America that the Americans should pursue? If all wants to be in America then why should they leave and go to other places in the world? As presented in the column of Granitsas, American schools, colleges, and university have a high rate of decline in terms of students who take up foreign languages courses. The record shows that Americans have started to become disinterested in going outside America. The perceived attitude of the Americans are indeed logical in the sense that why should they aspire to make themselves proficient in foreign languages when in fact most of the people in the world want to be expert in speaking English? In addition, significant changes have been reported which demonstrate how America has started to decrease their interest in global issues. Their newspapers have minimized the inclusion of international or global news. Before, the front page of the American newspapers had 27 percent of international news. But as shown in the report, there is only 21 percent of international news that are being included in the front page of the American newspaper (Granitsas). It was only when the September 11 bombing that the American had faced once again the global village (Granitsas). Since then, the American government has been trying to fight against terrorism that tends to inflict disturbance in America and its people. It is now acting for the sake of its government and people and not for the whole world. It is doing its job for the sake of its government subsistence and for the safety of its people and not really to dominate the world. America, labeled as the New World, does not really want the world to kneel down before it. It does not really want to conquer the whole of the world. Its recent actions and policies are not really to gain more power and to rule the world but only to protect the interest of the state and its people. The dilemma in this topic is directed towards the perceived dominance of the America over the last centuries in the international scene and the more current attitude of America of closing its idea on global participation. Either the latter is true or the former is true is not confirmed yet. But it is true that both could make the global order complicated. Works Cited: Granitsas, Alkman. â€Å"Americans are Tuning Out the World. † 24 November 2005. YaleGlobal Online. 10 October 2007 http://yaleglobal. yale. edu/display. article? id=6553. Sloan, Kim. A New World: England’s First View of America. The University of North Carolina Press , 2007. How to cite America and the World, Papers

Acid Rain Essay Conclusion Example For Students

Acid Rain Essay Conclusion Acid rain is a serious problem with disastrous effects. Each daythis serious problem increases, many people believe that this issueis too small to deal with right now this issue should be met headon and solved before it is too late. In the following paragraphs Iwill be discussing the impact has on the wildlife and how ouratmosphere is being destroyed by acid rain. CAUSES Acid rain is a cancer eating into the face of Eastern Canada andthe North Eastern United States. In Canada, the main sulphuric acidsources are non(c)ferrous smelters and power generation. On bothsides of the border, cars and trucks are the main sources fornitric acid(about 40% of the total), while power generating plantsand industrial commercial and residential fuel combustion togethercontribute most of the rest. In the air, the sulphur dioxide andnitrogen oxides can be transformed into sulphuric acid and nitricacid, and air current can send them thousands of kilometres fromthe source.When the acids fall to the earth in any form it willhave large impact on the growth or the preservation of certainwildlife. NO DEFENCEAreas in Ontario mainly southern regions that are near the GreatLakes, such substances as limestone or other known antacids canneutralize acids entering the body of water thereby protecting it.However, large areas of Ontario that are near the Pre(c)CambrianShield, with quartzite or granite based geology and little topsoil, there is not enough buffering capacity to neutralize evensmall amounts of acid falling on the soil and the lakes. Thereforeover time, the basic environment shifts from an alkaline to aacidic one. This is why many lakes in the Muskoka,Haliburton, Algonquin, Parry Sound and Manitoulin districts couldlose their fisheries if sulphur emissions are not reducedsubstantially. ACID The average mean of pH rainfall in Ontarios Muskoka(c)Haliburtonlake country ranges between 3.95 and 4.38 about 40 times moreacidic than normal rainfall, while storms in Pennsilvania haverainfall pH at 2.8 it almost has the same rating for vinegar. Already 140 Ontario lakes are completely dead or dying. Anadditional 48 000 are sensitive and vulnerable to acid rain dueto the surrounding concentrated acidic soils. ACID RAIN CONSISTS OF.?Canada does not have as many people, power plants or automobiles asthe United States, and yet acid rain there has become so severethat Canadian government officials called it the most pressingenvironmental issue facing the nation. But it is important to bearin mind that acid rain is only one segment, of the widespreadpollution of the atmosphere facing the world. Each year the globalatmosphere is on the receiving end of 20 billion tons of carbondioxide, 130 million tons of suffer dioxide, 97 million tons ofhydrocarbons, 53 million tons of nitrogen oxides, more than threemillion tons of arsenic, cadmium, lead, mercury, nickel, zinc andother toxic metals, and a host of synthetic organic compoundsranging from polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs) to toxaphene and otherpesticides, a number of which may be capable of causing cancer,birth defects, or genetic imbalances. COST OF ACID RAINInteractions of pollutants can cause problems. In addition tocontributing to acid rain, nitrogen oxides can react withhydrocarbons to produce ozone, a major air pollutant responsible inthe United States for annual losses of $2 billion to 4.5 billionworth of wheat, corn, soyabeans, and peanuts. A wide range ofinteractions can occur many unknown with toxic metals. In Canada, Ontario alone has lost the fish in an estimated 4000lakes and provincial authorities calculate that Ontario stands tolose the fish in 48 500 more lakes within the next twenty years ifacid rain continues at the present rate.Ontario is not alone, onNova Scotias Eastern most shores, almost every river flowing tothe Atlantic Ocean is poisoned with acid. Further threatening a $2million a year fishing industry. .ue7783e42eea97511571facdf4b8f0d8c , .ue7783e42eea97511571facdf4b8f0d8c .postImageUrl , .ue7783e42eea97511571facdf4b8f0d8c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue7783e42eea97511571facdf4b8f0d8c , .ue7783e42eea97511571facdf4b8f0d8c:hover , .ue7783e42eea97511571facdf4b8f0d8c:visited , .ue7783e42eea97511571facdf4b8f0d8c:active { border:0!important; } .ue7783e42eea97511571facdf4b8f0d8c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue7783e42eea97511571facdf4b8f0d8c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue7783e42eea97511571facdf4b8f0d8c:active , .ue7783e42eea97511571facdf4b8f0d8c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue7783e42eea97511571facdf4b8f0d8c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue7783e42eea97511571facdf4b8f0d8c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue7783e42eea97511571facdf4b8f0d8c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue7783e42eea97511571facdf4b8f0d8c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue7783e42eea97511571facdf4b8f0d8c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue7783e42eea97511571facdf4b8f0d8c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue7783e42eea97511571facdf4b8f0d8c .ue7783e42eea97511571facdf4b8f0d8c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue7783e42eea97511571facdf4b8f0d8c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Shiloh by Bobbie Ann Mason EssayAcid rain is killing more than lakes. It can scar the leaves ofhardwood forest, wither ferns and lichens, accelerate the death ofconiferous needles, sterilize seeds, and weaken the forests to astate that is vulnerable to disease infestation and decay. In thesoil the acid neutralizes chemicals vital for growth, strips othersfrom the soil and carries them to the lakes and literally retardsthe respiration of the soil. The rate of forest growth in the WhiteMountains of New Hampshire has declined 18% between 1956 and 1965,time of increasingly intense acidic rainfall.Acid rain no longer falls exclusively on the lakes, forest, andthin soils of the Northeast it now covers half

Summary of Attitude That Attract Success free essay sample

He is also the president of New Hope International, a ministry dedicated to developing emerging leaders to plant twenty-first-century churches. The author of Doing Church as a Team. Wayne has planted churches in the continental United States, Guam, Samoa, Japan, the Philippines and Europe. He travels extensively as a speaker, recording artist and church consultant. Wayne and his wife, Anna, live in Hawaii with their children, Amy, Aaron, and Abigail. Summary: The book â€Å"Attitudes that Attracts Success† is a book of inspiration and knowledge about how our attitude can attract success. Wayne Cordeiro emphasized the advantages of those people who have good attitude than those who have a broken attitude. It is like finding two people who attended the same school, had the same teachers, shop at the same store, live in the same city and even attend in the same church. One struggles and the other is successful. Why? It is all because of attitude. We will write a custom essay sample on Summary of Attitude That Attract Success or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Our attitude is important because it is the one which drives our lives. In this book, Wayne Cordeiro enlisted the things that we need to do to be able to improve our attitude that can attract success. Each chapter contains different inspirational stories that are connected to the main topic. The first chapter was entitled â€Å"Make Your Choice†. The Sermon on the Mount – perhaps Jesus’ most famous sermon – addresses our attitudes. Theologians have called this series of teachings the Beatitudes. His lesson could be summed up this way: â€Å"Your attitudes will determine what you will be. † Jesus knew that developing a correct perspective on life was critically important to our lives and to our ministries, and so He spoke first and often on that very topic. In fact, before Jesus taught His disciples about miracles, discipleship or how to deal with the Pharisees, He taught them about attitudes. Every phrase of the Beatitude deals with building right attitudes because they become the lamp of the body, the very way we see and interpret the world around us. An interesting scientific theorem states that if your basic premise is inaccurate, then every subsequent conclusion thereafter will also be inaccurate. What this means is that if you are solving a math problem and you begin by determining 2+2 = 5, then all of your following calculations will be incorrect. Likewise, if my core attitudes and perspectives toward life and people are skewed, and then I too will experience massacre after massacre in the form of devastated relationships, foiled expectations and broken dreams. Jesus knew that from the core of our beings, we need to develop a right attitude toward life. Let our eyes and attitude be clear and every conclusion that we will have will have a potential for success. Believing that you can change is the main topic that was tackled on the second chapter of the book. No one has given an unalterable attitude. We are all capable to change but it is up to us. We are the one who is going to decide if how we are going to approach life and develop that kind of attitude. A new attitude doesn’t happen on its own. We must develop it, and the sooner we begin the better. Some people hide behind the excuse that they just can’t change: â€Å"I’ve been this way since I was a kid, and I’m not about to change now. † It’s never too late to change. Change is indispensable to growth. If you stop changing, you stop growing. And if you stop growing, you’re in trouble. What do you call a tree that has stopped growing? That’s right, dead. It’s no different with people. When they stop growing, they start dying. Some people stopped growing years ago. We might not bury them until they have stopped moving, but they really died years ago. You can change your attitude. When we refuse to change and resist God’s leading, life can become pretty miserable. Nevertheless, many times we won’t change until the pain of remaining the same becomes greater than the pain of changing. Failure is not when you get knocked down. Failure is when you refuse to get back up. Don’t hang around the swamps of despair. They will only skew you attitude and impede your resilience. Learn to bounce back quickly. Our attitude will either protect us or defeat us in the midst of storms. Let us develop our attitude well. Train your eyes to see what is good was emphasized on the third chapter of the book. All our lives, we have trained our eyes to see what is bad. From an early age, we have been training ourselves incorrectly. We get up and read the morning newspaper over breakfast, getting our minimum daily requirement of bad news. On the way to work, we stop by the newsstand and by the latest issue of a newspaper so we can find out what’s wrong with the world. We have to retrain our eyes. The reason is this: Whatever we’re looking for is what we will see. That’s how God made us. If we are looking for something good, we will see what is good. If we are always looking for what is wrong with people, what we will see is everything that is wrong. One way to cultivate staying power is to change your definition of an event or circumstance. After all, the way in which you define your circumstances will determine, to a large degree, how you will respond to that event. Let us consider it all joy, and watch our faith grow. Chapter four was all about raising the bar of excellence. Developing our attitude is like developing our skill on a musical instrument- it takes consistent practice to improve. Let us do something to excel more. Realize the potential inside you. God does not insist that we raise the bar a foot at a time. One inch is fine. This means incrementally increasing your abilities. Keep improving yourself for the sake of the kingdom of God, whether it be the depth of your faith, the way you treat people or the way you think. Improve this by 1 percent every day, and the potential God has placed in you will begin to emerge. But first, you must be willing to raise the bar. Play the right background music was discussed on the book’s fifth chapter. God created every human being with a built-in surround-sound music system. It resembles the on-hold music you hear when you’re waiting to talk to your doctor or the music wafts through the mall to entice you to buy more. Our internal music is composed of the thoughts we think over and over. These include selected memories – maybe something our parents once told to us, a word of encouragement from a teacher or the way we felt when we weren’t picked to be on the team or to be someone’s best friend. As we dwell on memories, experiences and thoughts, they are recorded on the soundtrack of our minds and play continuously all day long. Whatever you play on this internal sound system affects everything about you- your attitude, your self-image, your confidence level, your relationships, the way you communicate with others and even your faith. Each of us gets to determine what music we are going to play. You are a disc jockey, choosing your own theme songs. Doesn’t that seem wonderful? We get to play the music of our choice to accompany us all throughout the day. We can choose from every grand sound track, opera or melodious composition ever written! The reality is that most of us make some very odd musical choices. Some of our tapes and CDs have deep scratches on them. Some are so old, they’re like the 78-rpm vinyl records of decades ago- old songs, old experiences that should long have been forgotten or forgiven. You are the disc jockey. What is your playlist? You get to make the selections, so choose wisely! If your thinking is poor, so will your perspective be. And if your perspective is poor, so will your decisions be. Protect yourself well, guarding your thought-life and stewarding all that goes on in your mind. Then you will be able to stand your ground against Satan, against becoming a people of the lie. And when everything is done, you will be left standing, victorious. In the sixth chapter, it was said that we must practice, practice, and practice! As with learning any sport or musical instrument, the more you practice developing an attitude of excellence, the more proficient you’ll become at it. Learning to develop a good attitude doesn’t happen by accident. It needs to be intentional and deliberate- nothing less. You first attempts may seem awkward, but keep practicing. Practice the virtue of love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness and self- control. Take time to practice these characters and qualities God wants to build in you and express through you. The more you practice these things, the more fruitful you’ll be in your attitude, business, ministry, and family. Never give up was emphasized on the seventh chapter. Let us all agree on one thing: Every one of us will have the dubious honor of being and receiving end of life’s setbacks- frequently. We all experience speed bumps in life. Suffering is inevitable, but misery is an option. Suffering will change you, but not necessarily for the better. You can let your setbacks become stumbling blocks or make them stepping stones. Life can make us bitter or better. All of us have stumbled, and many of us have often run the wrong way. But God is not done with us. Granted, there will be a few fumbles and misguided moves on the fields of our lives. Still, He prods us back into the game. He believes in us. The game is not over yet! The prerequisite for restoration is not performance; it is love. Love will always be God’s highest test. Don’t put a magnifying glass on failure. Put your magnifying glass on love, and it will help you see things the way Jesus does. That’s always the best way to look at things. Finish well. We have only one life to live for Jesus on this earth, and it will soon be over. Time passes quickly. It is like rewinding a videotape: the closer it gets to home, the faster it goes! So it is with each of us. Don’t live with a squandered life. Since you have only one life to give, live it well. What separates a futile life from a fruitful one? Your attitude will be the difference between existing and living. Your most important life decision will be your choice of whether or not to follow Jesus Christ. Your choice to open your heart to Him will be the most eternal decision you will ever make. If you have not done that, don’t hesitate for another moment. There is no greater choice than to choose Him to be the Lord in your life, no matter how many possessions you own, how much money you have made or how much power you have accumulated. Just because you are a Christian does not guarantee fruitfulness. Anyone can develop an attitude that attracts success. You don’t have to be a world-famous evangelist to shine. Just start by shining your light to those around you every day. And what is the beacon through which your light will shine to those around you? Your extraordinary attitude! Each of us can live an extraordinary life with an attitude of excellence, but it must be diligently cultivated. Here are some keys of building extraordinary attitude: Aim for the right target. An attitude that attracts success begins with knowing which opportunities to accept and which to reject. This way you will begin to develop not just an existence but a life that is about answering God’s call every single day. Remember, first aim for the right target. What are you aiming for? What is your goal? That will determine the race you run. Run the right race. God sets a different race before each and every one of us. You cannot run someone else’s race; you can only run your own. If you run the wrong race, you’ll end up at the wrong finish line. Understand what satisfies your soul. Contentment cannot be acquired directly. Rather, it is a by- product of a life that is focused on the right things. Truly content people are those whose aim in life is something much bigger than attaining mere contentment alone. If your sole aim is to acquire possessions and money in order to be comfortable and content, then contentment will be as elusive as butterfly. Learn to understand what satisfies your soul; otherwise, you will never develop an attitude of true contentment. You’ll always be looking for a good time but never finding it. Make contentment an inside job. Contentment is vital in developing an extraordinary attitude. It’s the final critical key in our process. Each of these four keys seems simple, but each is eternally priceless. Remember, start off right by aiming for the right target, the one God has for you as you â€Å"run your particular race to win†. The next step is just to do it. Run the right race. The last two go hand in hand. Understand what satisfies your soul, and do so by learning contentment. With these keys in hand, you’ll be able to run your race and finish well! The last chapter is all about going back to the source. Your attitude, in essence, is the expression of your faith and the display of your character. The bottom line of developing an attitude that attracts success is not simply found in positive thinking. We must go beyond a positive outlook. God is the only one who can change the human heart. The government can’t, money won’t and ideal circumstances don’t. Without God, our efforts will be futile at best. Developing a world-class attitude takes decisiveness, commitment, perseverance and willingness to be effective at this thing called life. Your attitude is, in essence, the expression of your faith and the display of your character. It is not simply the result of positive thinking. It is the result of Jesus Christ’s working in your life moment to moment and your cooperation with His instructions. The Bible is our attitude instruction manual. When God’s word fills our minds, we can’t help but to develop a better attitude. We all will have two teachers in life: the teacher of wisdom and the teacher of consequences. Both are tremendous teachers, and you will learn from both. There is a price that must be paid to be enrolled in each class. However, the price that must be paid for the teaching of consequences can cost you everything you have. For some, it has cost them years; others have paid with their future, and for still others, it has cost them their families. You will have no doubt learned from consequences, but she can be a cruel taskmaster. Wisdom, on the other hand, comes from lessons learned vicariously through others consequences. You can learn from others’ experiences without having to go through the pain yourself. But there is a price for obtaining wisdom as well, because wisdom requires you to develop something called discipline. When you would rather get angry than be patient, discipline is painful! When you want to tell someone off but you know it would be wiser to let it go, this also can be painful. Be aware that the pain of discipline will cost you pennies, whereas the pain of regret can cost you millions. Wisdom can come from many different sources. We can learn a great deal by experiencing every new thing firsthand and feeling pangs of consequences, but they may not be the best way. Experience can be a good teacher, but wisdom is far more desirable. Prayer is the time for making an attitude adjustment. Prayer is one more elusive exercise in a Christian’s life. It’s a bit like watering a plant: You may not see immediate results, but if the discipline of prayer is neglected, the consequences can be disastrous. Prayer must be a habit- a daily habit. Developing attitude that attracts success is a choice. The most important decision you will ever make in life is your decision to follow Jesus Christ. This decision will determine the eternity of your life. The second most important decision you’ll make will be the attitude with which you will follow the Lord. This decision will determine the quality of your life. Never stop learning. Make it a lifelong goal. Discover new truths and insights that will awaken your spirit. New horizons will help you to look ahead and focus on your potential rather than on your problems, on your future rather than on your failures. Here are three ways that adopting and maintaining a positive attitude will create more opportunities than you ever thought possible: 1) A positive attitude will help you recognize opportunities as they appear in your life. Its important to understand that all sorts of opportunities surround you every day, but most of them pass by unnoticed. The ones that we do notice are the ones that are in alignment with our attitudes. Theres no magic to it, really just a matter of focus. If you maintain a positive attitude, you will naturally notice people, opportunities, and circumstances that have the potential to positively affect your life. Conversely, if you adopt a negative attitude, the only circumstances and people you will notice are negative ones. Either way, those things that are not in alignment with our attitudes are filtered out by our minds. To use a rather mundane example have you ever been car shopping, and thinking of buying a particular model (for this example, lets say a Honda Accord)? Chances are, it probably didnt take long before you started seeing Accords everywhere. You noticed them in traffic, you saw them in parking lots, you encountered advertisements for Accords uddenly they seemed to be everywhere you looked! Now, did a swarm of Honda Accords really start placing themselves where you would see them? Of course not! They were there all along, but you just started noticing them when your mind was focused on the possibility of purchasing an Accord. People, opportunities, and circumstances work in much the same way. When you adopt a positive attitude, youll start noticing positive opportunities and people. They were there all along, but you didnt see them until you changed your mental focus. If you did see them, you probably didnt notice the potential they had to positively affect your life. 2) A positive attitude attracts positive people. We naturally gravitate toward people who exude happy, positive vibes. Given the choice, would you rather spend the day with someone who saw the world as being full of possibilities, or with someone who moped around and blamed everyone and everything around them for their failures and unhappiness? Attracting the company of positive people will open up even more opportunities for success. The people who gravitate to you will be open to helping you making a contact for you, inviting you to an enriching event, lending their efforts to help you achieve your goals simply because you have lifted their spirits with your positive energy! 3) A positive attitude will give you more energy and allow you to accomplish more. Worry, anger, self-pity, and other negative emotions are HUGE energy drains how easy is it to get out of bed in the morning and attend to the activities that will contribute to your success, when youre feeling sorry for yourself and dwelling on all of the negative aspects of your life? A positive attitude makes the difference between dragging yourself out of bed, even more tired than when you went to bed, and springing out of bed before the alarm goes off, ready to meet the opportunities each day has to offer. The extra energy you get from maintaining a positive attitude lets you work more efficiently, take on new activities, and create the circumstances for your own success. And when its time to turn in for the night, youll feel even better knowing that every action you took throughout the day contributed to that success. Ready to create your own proof? Then try this simple exercise: Decide for one day that youre going to maintain a positive attitude no matter what. You dont have to worry about how simply making the committed decision to spend one day with a positive mental focus will take care of the how. When negative thoughts arise (and they will), acknowledge them and let them go. Dont judge them this will only serve to facilitate further negative thinking, because youll mentally beat yourself up for having the negative thoughts in the first place. Instead, view them as if youre watching a television commercial, or looking at a billboard. This helps you emotionally separate from your negative thoughts, so you can easily let them go. Doing this only leaves room in your day for positive thoughts. Your day doesnt have to be perfectly positive in fact, even the most positive people still encounter negative emotions and thought patterns but making the mental commitment to maintain a positive focus will place you far ahead of people who allow them to constantly be mired in negative thinking. More than any other factor, the condition of your attitude will determine the quality of your relationships with other people, whether you can turn a problem into a blessing or whether you become a victim of defeat or a student of success. The simple fact that attitude â€Å"makes† some while â€Å"breaking† others is a significant enough reason for us to explore how it works and how it is cultivated. The attitude we develop will cause us to see life either as a series of opportunities or in terms of our probabilities for failure. How a person defines life’s events will do more than anything else to determine his or her potential for success in life. How true it is that you are one attitude away from a bright future! III. ANALYSIS This book is for leaders, businesspeople, homemakers and young people. No matter what our background is or what our occupation may be, the principles of this book can transform our lives and relationships. The only prerequisite is that we’ll be an avid student of life. Many people are not that far from a life of joy and success. Just a few adjustments and life would come loud and clear for them. Like a radio that’s not tuned quite right, the music can be heard but it’s full of static and fades in and out. A small turn of the dial would recalibrate the frequency by just a few hertz. Then, all of a sudden, the scratchy signal is transformed into a stereophonic symphony of sound. Our attitude is where that small adjustment must be made. Attitude can mean difference between success and failure. Someone once said that the difference between people is very small, but that very small difference is very big indeed! Living a life of joy and success is something God has already wired into our design. God has planned our future to be one of success. He takes no joy or glory in a mediocre life. Fruitfulness is what God wants for each of us, and He’s ready to help us achieve it! Just like what Wayne Cordeiro said, â€Å"Our attitude is like a fragrance that we carry around with us. The difference is that skunks carry a bad odor while a beautiful Hawaiian plumeria blossom carries a fragrance. Whether we like it or not, each of us carries one of the above. We are the one who are going to choose which odor we are going to carry. † We are what we are today because of our past experiences. This was included in Sigmund Freud’s Psychoanalytical theory. He also believed that our past experiences motivate us. On the other hand, in the individual psychology of Alfred Adler, he believed that our dreams and our future are our motivation. These theories are applicable in this book because our past experiences and our future or dreams are our motivation to have a good attitude that can be a key to success.

Australian ecotherms and endotherms

Australian ecotherms and endotherms Australian ectotherms and endothermsA- TYPES OF TEMPERATURE REGULATION1- The cat, human and platypus could be described as true endotherms, as they all maintain a relatively constant internal body temperature that is independent of the external temperature. As the environmental temperature rises from 5C to 40C, the humans body temperature remains constant, the cat's and the platypus' increases by around 3 ¢Ã‚ «C.2- The lizard and echidna are ectotherms as their body temperature fluctuates according to the temperature of the external environment. The lizard's body temperature rises by 25C and the echidna by 10C as the external temp rises.3- All animals are either clearly ectotherms or endotherms apart from the echidna. Although the body temperature of this animal increases with the external temperature, it does not increase as clearly as the lizard's. An explanation for this could be that the echidna maintains a higher level of ability to control over internal temperature than the l izard, which has a very limited ability to do so.Thermogram image of two ostriches4- All enzymes and other molecules function within a limited temperature range. Unless the body temperature is maintained at these optimal conditions, the rate of enzyme-catalysed reactions decreases and the organism will not function properly.B- SOME METHODS OF MAMMALIAN TEMPERATURE REGULATIONObservation Explanation Type of adaptationEchidna's living in cold regions hibernate during the winter Hibernation is used to keep the animal's body temperature constantly warm by removing itself from the cold environment BehaviouralYour skin often looks quite flushed on a hot day This is due to the vasodilation of arterioles PhysiologicalMany Australian marsupials salivate and lick their fur on hot days Saliva is used as a way to cool down, much like sweating BehaviouralWhales have a thick layer of blubber under skin This layer provides insulation from the cold water...

Texas A M Acceptance Rate and Admissions Requirements

In many ways, Texas A&M is the consummate big college. It has over 50,000 undergrads, a city setting, and a campus that spans 5,200 acres. It offers quality academic and athletic programs, along with all the resources one would expect from such a large institution. For students looking for a true big college experience, Texas A&M has a lot to offer. Founded in 1876, Texas A&M was originally the Agriculture and Mechanical College of Texas. Today, it is just Texas A&M and offers 16 colleges and schools, 5,000 faculty, and 130 undergraduate degree programs. In addition to its home base in College Station, Texas, Texas A&M also offers a maritime branch in Galveston, Texas, an engineering branch in Doha, Qatar, and program centers in Mexico and Costa Rica. Texas A&M ranks in the top 100 public universities and ranks first among public universities for the number of students studying abroad. In addition, it has recently landed among the top five in the US News and World Reports categories of â€Å"best value†, â€Å"most affordable†, â€Å"best outcomes for low-income students†, and â€Å"student engagement†. If you’re interested in taking advantage of all that Texas A&M has to offer, don’t miss this post. Texas A&M accepts the Coalition Application or ApplyTexas . Official SAT or ACT score reports are required, as is an essay . You’ll also need to submit the standard application components of a high school transcript and an application fee or fee waiver. Teacher recommendations are optional, but if submitted, only the first two submitted will be considered. Texas A&M does not offer admissions interviews. Texas A&M opens admissions season early, with the office accepting applications beginning July 1st. The deadline for regular admissions applications is December 1st. Engineering majors can apply through the Early Action program, which has an October 15 deadline. Note that if a deadline falls on a weekend, the application will remain open until 11:59 PM  (CST) on the following Monday. This does not apply to the Early Action Deadline for engineering. Additional required documents will be accepted until 5:00pm (CST) on that Monday. In recent years, the acceptance rate at Texas A&M has pretty consistently been around 65-70% . This might seem like a fairly easy school to get into just based on that, but in reality, it’s a little more complex than that. Remember, Texas A&M is a huge school. There were over 37,000 applicants for the class of 2022. Of these, just 26,000 were offered a place in the incoming class. It may be tempting to take the acceptance rate at Texas A&M lightly, but this would be a mistake. Though the acceptance rate in 2018 was 70%, it’s important to remember that there were still 11,000 applicants who did not get in. US News and World Reports still considers Texas A&M a moderately selective school, and if you want to score a place there, you’ll need to make sure you meet all its admissions requirements. Estimating your chance of getting into a college is not easy in today’s competitive environment. Thankfully, with our state-of-the-art software and data, we can analyze your academic and extracurricular profile and estimate your chances. Our profile analysis tool can also help you identify the improvement you need to make to enter your dream school. Texas A&M requires all applicants to submit either the SAT with Essay or the ACT with Essay. Test scores are listed as a very important factor in admissions. The 75% of admitted students who submitted SAT scores received a composite score at or above 1140, while 75% of admitted students who submitted ACT scores received a composite score at or above 25. SAT Subject Tests are not required for admissions to Texas A&M, but can be used as placement exams. SAT and ACT writing sections are only considered as a method for validating college application essays. In addition to test scores, Texas A&M ranks the following factors as very important in their admissions process: 60% of students accepted to Texas A&M’s class of 2022 were ranked in the top 10% of their high school classes. 88% were ranked in the top 25%. Applicants to Texas A&M should take the most challenging course load that they’re capable of doing well in during high school and should aim to participate in 2-4 extracurriculars with increasing levels of commitment and leadership throughout your high school career. Texas A&M also evaluates applicants based on their volunteer work, work experience, status as a first generation college student, state residency, and application essay . While some of these factors are out of your control, you certainly can work to build a strong applicant profile in other ways.   Try to stick with your work or service work for a prolonged time. If possible, choose work or volunteer opportunities that are related to issues of personal importance or to possible career goals. Texas A&M likes to see students who are committed and grow in leadership within their communities. Of the admissions criteria ranked very important by the admissions committee, three are linked to your academic achievements. By taking challenging classes, achieving a high GPA, and attaining a solid ranking in your graduating class, you can prove to Texas A&M that you’re ready for the rigor of college academics. Your essay should be free of all grammatical, organizational, and other errors, and do a good job of representing who you are as a student, as a person, and as a member of your community. Texas A&M carefully reviews every admissions essay and weighs each in the application process. If you need help with your essay at any point, from choosing a topic to fine-tuning its organization or polishing it grammatically, don’t hesitate to contact ’s Personal Essay Specialists , who can help at any point along the way. Not everyone can get into Texas A&M. Though it can be hard to pinpoint any single reason for your rejection, ultimately it doesn’t matter exactly why you were rejected so much as what you do with your future from here. While many students might want to appeal their admissions decision or choose a second-rate college from which they can quickly apply to transfer to Texas A&M, neither of these options is your best bet. Instead, you are better off choosing a second choice school that is still a college you’d be happy to attend, with academic resources that would enrich your experience. Attending another school where you can succeed is always a great choice, and if, further down the line, you choose to transfer elsewhere, at least you have made good use of your time there. Texas A&M does accept transfer students, and their rate of acceptance is very similar to the regular admissions acceptance rate, as is the application process. You can learn more about the transfer application process on Texas A&M’s page Transfer: How to Apply .   Ã‚   For more help applying to Texas A&M or other schools on your college list, consider enlisting the help of ’s Applications Guidance service. Here, you will be paired with a personal admissions specialist from a top a college who can provide step-by-step guidance through the entire application process.

Non-Employment ADR Research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Non-Employment ADR Research - Essay Example eam is made up of trained, qualified and impartial fact finding individuals, who employ their expertise in offering dispute resolution services in the company (Cheeseman, 2010). This program allows for diverse evaluation of the issue at hand. Meetings are held between the conflict parties and the open door program specialists while investigations on the same issue are done confidentially. Information gathered is then analyzed in line with the rule of law and company requirements, after which a decision is arrived at. This ADR strategy has helped Intel corporation in a number of ways. First, the program provides employees with recommendations on conflict resolution. It provides the management with a basis upon which future conflicts can be avoided, alongside offering a resolution ground for the current disputes. Workable solutions have therefore been realized through this program. The most important aspect of this program is that employee participation in all activities undertaken by the program is not penalized, and therefore employees can express their concerns without fear of being sacked. This factor has facilitated the success of Intel Corporation in its ADR. Most of this company’s disputes emerge from liability claims. The company previously used to traditionally litigate claims. This means that it engaged the courts in litigating its claims. Court procedure for resolving disputes seemed favorable for the company, but the cost of the process in terms of both time and money raised concerns. The company realized that in most cases the claims were settled before trials took place and of course not before preparation time for the case (Jennings, 2006). In this regard, the company adopted mediation strategy for its ADR. This strategy allowed the company to significantly cut on the cost of making claims as well spare time for other activities within the company that generally improved the company’s welfare in business. Risks associated with the jury trials

Managing Change for Green Telco to Implement Reduce, Reuse and Recycle Essay

Managing Change for Green Telco to Implement Reduce, Reuse and Recycle Policy - Essay Example The company was established in 1989 and is currently performing leadership in telecommunication services in UK. It is a multi-awarded company which seeks to contribute for a greener world by engaging into environmentalism for improved biodiversity. As such, the company involved itself in tree planting activities and has committed to help offset carbon emission by supporting a renewable energy project—-the Wind Energy Generation. This report aimed to present an analytical process about how Green Telco should respond to the challenges on the need to innovate and manage changes in the implementation of operational policies targeting on significantly reducing companies’ wastes contribution and to nurture an eco-friendly workplace by using ‘reduce, reuse and recycle’ principles for healthier working environment. The process will also identify alternatives that will produce a cost-efficient outcome in the administration of communications amongst its departments by adapting information technology for effective and efficient paperless administration and operations, as well as in its quality customer care. To concretely introduce changes, the company will conduct strategic organizational capacity assessment to appraise corporate performance viz-a-viz corporate vision, mission, goals, structure and its human resources capacity to actualize corporate plans. It will also evaluate corporate programs g auged on key success indicators and outcomes. Such will also ascertain how effective are its human resources in enforcing the company’s policy on â€Å"reduce, reuse and recycle† (3Rs) within specific period and to address the implication of these proposed changes. Data and information used in this report are sourced from primary and secondary sources that are accessible online. Sources are from Green Telco, journals, books, texts, and related studies. Materials are used based on its significance for managing organizational change. This document will further detail the problems of the company, key issues and proposed recommendations. The recommendations is inclusive of company’s determination of supportive plans that will strengthen human resource’s capacity; adaptation of information technology to develop paperless business operations; improve corporate business management; and strengthen organizational capacity through regular meetings, monitoring and e valuation. 1.0 Problem Identification and Analysis The world is beset with ecological problems (Johansson-Stenman, 2004). All pollution has contributed to environmental degradation which has been evidently affecting all of the civilizations that are currently confronting the impacts of climate change. In UK and like other nations,

The Holy Spirit Association Essay Example for Free

The Holy Spirit Association Essay With the official name of The Holy Spirit Association for the Unification of World Christianity, the Unification Church was founded by Rev. Sun Myung Moon in 1954. By 1959, the church has already expanded to America where its international headquarter has been established. At present, the church claims that the number of Unificationists reach three million in more than a hundred countries. At the age of 16, Moon asserted that Jesus Christ appeared to him on Easter morning. Christ instructed him to finish the task Christ has started, that is, to establish the kingdom of heaven on earth. He urges all religions to unify their beliefs so as to attain Gods will. However, Moons character has been questioned as well as the practices of the Unification Church. Even before establishing the Unification Church, Moon has already been accused of immoral practices. He urged the female members of his organization to have sex with him so that they would be cleansed of the influence of Satan. He was arrested for this act but was released at the end of the Korean War. In the United States, he was largely criticized for his recruitment and leadership style, as well as his ways of raising fund. Furthermore, he was convicted of tax evasion and served a prison term. Because of the free labor of his followers, Moon has a built a multimillion-dollar empire, with a number of businesses such as manufacturing, banking, publishing, pharmaceutical companies, and others. He recruited U. S. military officers by offering them business deals and political donations. From his religious power, he believes that he would be able to establish a government that would rule the world. His most distinguishing characteristic is his authoritative leadership. Whatever Moon dictates is absolute and final. Even a seed of doubt to Moon means that a person allows oneself to be part of Satans work. He believed that Adam and Eve were supposed to have a brother–sister relationship until perfection is achieved. After that, the two would have to be married and bear a child, starting the kingdom of God. This promotes the belief that the fall was a sin sexual in nature. To rinse out this sin, God gave Christ the mission to marry and to have perfect children. Unfortunately, Christ was not able to complete this earthly mission because of his death. Thus, Moon proclaims that a â€Å"third Adam† is needed to complete both spiritual and physical salvation. This third Adam would complete what Christ has been sent for to do, that is, to produce sinless children. The Unification Church believes that Moon is the third Adam who would form a perfect family; thus, his children are all sinless. This perfection would extend to members of the church by complete obedience to him. Moreover, an individual would also be salvaged by paying indemnity through fasting, recruiting, fund-raising, etc. Furthermore, Moon belied the concept of trinity in the bible. Rather, he postulates that the first trinity is composed of the third Adam (Moon), his bride, and God. People are encouraged to form their own trinities through marriage and with God. He emphasized that it is through marriage that the kingdom of God would start. Therefore, salvation is only for married people. This would also explain the mass weddings conducted by Moon, in which every couple is charged a mass fee. As blessed by God, Moon and his wife propagate true love, true life, and true marriages; thus, they refer to themselves as the True Parents. The Second Coming, he insisted, is not the coming of Christ but of the third Adam. The purpose of third Adam in the grand plan of God is to establish the kingdom of God on earth and in heaven through perfect marriage and formation of sinless children.

Choosing a Major Essay -- Argumentative Education College Essays

Choosing a Major Education is a very broad and difficult term and no two people define it the same way, but most would agree that you do get an education in college. Many colleges pride themselves on developing "well-rounded" students, and yet they make it mandatory for each student to choose one field of specified study. This seems to contradict the whole "well-rounded" idea. Education can't be confined to just academics. In fact, here is how the dictionary defines academics "very learned but inexperienced in practical matters, conforming to the traditions or rules of a school." I don't want to be "considered inexperienced in practical matters." I know the dictionary definitions aren't exactly what everyone sees as the right answer, but these definitions do give us a starting point. Webster's Collegiate Dictionary defines education as the process of being educated, so here is how they define educated: "to provide schooling for, to train by formal instruction and supervised practice in a skill or profession." This is close to what I have heard when asking what education is, but one thing that has been left out is the personal experiences of an individual. Most people do believe a person must have some sort of "schooling" to be considered an educated person, and this is why so many people attend colleges and universities. It is not only what you learn in class as far as "book facts," like what year someone was born or when a certain chemical was discovered, it is also how well you learn to deal with responsibility and how you can make critical decisions. To give an example, here are a few of the individual colleges' that make up the University of Arkansas, mission statements: "The mission of the College of Ed... ... Granted, he said he uses some of the things he learned, but he could have gotten those things in almost any area he could have studied. Now it is time for you to decide if you think it is contradictive to choose a major, or if it is just a part of the educational process. I have shown you the technical definitions of some of the main words or ideas in education, does your definition match up? Hopefully this essay will help you while deciding on many things within your educational journey or even while setting up educational standards for a college or university. We must think about issues like this because such an importance is put on education, so it should not be taken lightly. I guess one reason people consider it so important goes back to the saying that education is something no one can ever take away from you. Once you get it, it is yours forever.

Individual in Society

Comparative essay The elective ‘the individual in society’ explores the conflict between autonomy and the social conventions that inscribe human behaviour. All societies require conformity, and fear of rejection can allow an individual to compromise their values in order to be accepted. The social constraints of any society can only be understood within their context and both Persuasion and Muriel’s wedding explore the superficial paradigms of marriage, friendship and social class.The restrictive Georgian society in Persuasion where patriarchal institutions position women as objects of economic exchange serves to limit their individuality, whilst Muriel’s wedding offers insight into the social codes that confine the individual both emotionally and physically. When comparing both texts, the fickle nature of romance is incoherent outside of its contextual parameters. This essay also highlights the distinctive difference between the individual’s attribu tes compared to other characters. In Persuasion by Jane Austen emotional and physical boundaries are placed by society restricting individuals such as Anne.Superficial values including class, status, marriage and appearance are held with high importance for many characters such as for Sir Walter Elliot. This is shown through ‘vanity was the beginning and the end of Sir Walter Elliot’s character. Vanity of person and of situation’. The repetition ‘Vanity’ is used to exemplify Sir Walter’s pride and stupidity of ‘person’ meaning appearance and beauty and ‘situation’ meaning status. By her use of irony in his comment Anne gives a subtle moral judgement on Sir Walter, and all who possess his qualities of vanity and stupidity.In Muriel’s Wedding by PJ Hogans also depicts the importance of superficial values such as reputation among the characters. This is shown when Muriel’s friend Nicole uses satire â€Å"W e don't want you hanging around us anymore†. The use of satire adds humour to criticize Muriel’s friend exaggerated stupidity. Muriel’s friends continuously worry about the physical appearance as shown in: â€Å"We've told you a thousand times how to do your hair but you never listen. You never wear the right clothes. † Cheryl uses 1st person and 2nd person to signify the difference between them and Muriel, highlighting her isolation from the rest of the group.This adds peer pressure for Muriel to conform to be accepted by the popular group. In Muriel’s wedding the characters only find pleasure through false appearances of marriage they believe it symbolise to them that they are successful because they found someone with high status and appearance. Irony and satire is used to ridicule Sophie Lee’s foolishness that even though her husband cheated on her she continues to appreciate him because of his appearance and status as shown in â€Å"You 'v got to find people in your own level. Like i found chook.He's on my level. Marrying him was the happiest day of my life. I love him so much. That bastard! I'll show him. I'll go on this holiday and sleep with a thousand men. † Muriel is influenced by her and societies expectations of marriage. This is shown when David asks â€Å"what kind of person marries someone they don’t love? † The use of rhetorical question makes the audience consider that Muriel only married because she is obsessed with the appearance of marriage. Marriage in this film equates to acceptance from society because it reflects success.This limits her individuality until the final scenes her true sense of worth comes back after her mother dies that she finally realises that she has not been truthful she repeats the use of first person â€Å"i† to signify the continues lies she has told â€Å"i can’t marry to you, David. I have to stop lying now. I’ve told so many lies. I don’t love you†. In the end she accepts her individuality and is confident within herself and says â€Å"goodbye† to different locations of Porpoise Spit to symbolise that she is free from all the emotional restrictions that Porpoise Spit had placed on her.Unlike Muriel, Rhonda is confident with herself and does not attempt to fit in. She is different from the girls physically and emotionally. The Sophie Lee characters wear similar bright coloured clothes the flamboyant colours of their costume may reflect that they are seeking attention and the similarity in design and colours between the girls’ dresses, hair styles, personality show they are attempting to belong in a group and shows no individuality. Whereas in contrasts to Rhonda’s dark black cropped hair is in difference to Sophie lee, her friends and Muriel.Her character also depicts that she is an individual as she is outspoken and honest. This is shown when she says â€Å"Nicole’s h aving an affair with Chook. Muriel saw them fucking in the laundry room on your wedding day. Stick your drink up your ass, Tania! I'd rather swallow razor blades than have a drink with you. Oh, by the way†¦ I'm not alone. I'm with Muriel. † Her confidence is portrayed through the use of coarse, upfront language and that she tells the truth.The symbol â€Å"razor blades† also portrays this confidence that she is so self-assured that she looks at them as beneath her she exaggerates her opinion of them through this symbol. In conclusion there are many pressures within each society in Muriel’s wedding and Persuasion which confine the individuals Anne and Muriel. There are many factors considered that show Muriel and Anne as individual. Anne does not derive the same pleasure as others in her Georgian society from superficial values such as status, wealth and appearance.In an often satirical portrait of the men and, women Austen subtly and ironically points out fa ults in the system, raising questions about the values of English society and the power structure of the country. Similarly Muriel is also an individual as she does not belong but attempts to conform within the late 20th century suburbia social codes. At the final scenes of the movie she realises that she has told many lies and accepts her individuality. Muriel is an outcast and an individual in the initial scenes of the film. She attempts to conform within the group.This is portrayed when the group rejects her because she is so different from them but Muriel says â€Å"Listen, i know I’m not normal, but i’m tryin to change. † This depicts her desperation to be in the group and low self-esteem, as she even considers herself as worthless using the description â€Å"not normal†. Patriarchal society in which men held the economic and social power. In restrictive Georgian society women attempt to gain a livelihood through a successful marriage which constrain ts Anne to marry her true love Wentworth as he does not have status nor wealth.

Theological Virtues of Faith

The theological virtues of faith, hope, and charity furnish a strong basis for all other virtues. The cardinal virtues of prudence, justice, fortitude, temperance, are the foundation of all moral virtues. The theological virtues define our relations with God; the moral virtues define our relations with ourselves and our fellowmen. If we have these virtues, we are on the way to perfection. | 43. Moral Virtues Are there any other virtues besides the theological virtues of faith, hope, and charity? –Besides the theological virtues of faith, hope, and charity, there are other virtues, called moral virtues. . These virtues are called moral virtues because they dispose us to lead  moral, or good lives, by aiding us to treat persons and things in the right way, that is, according to the will of God. Moral virtues are opposed to the capital sins. For example,  humility  is opposed to pride;  liberality  is opposed to avarice;  chastity  is opposed to lust;  meekness  and  patience  are opposed to anger;  temperance  is opposed to gluttony;  brotherly love  is opposed to envy: and  zeal  and  diligence  in what is good are opposed to sloth. 2. Moral virtues are an outgrowth and  completion  of the theological virtues.The theological virtues perfect our interior being; the moral virtues perfect our  exterior. If we sincerely strive after these virtues, we are on the road to perfection. The theological virtues affect our relations with God; the moral virtues affect our relations with our neighbor and our own selves. For example, faith makes us believe in the existence of God. Temperance makes us regulate our appetites. Which are the chief moral virtues? –The chief moral virtues are prudence, justice, fortitude, and temperance; these are called cardinal virtues.All other moral virtues spring from the cardinal virtues. These are called  cardinal  from  cardo, the Latin word for  hinge, because all our moral a ctions turn on them as a door turns upon its hinges. All other moral virtues depend on them. How do prudence, justice, fortitude, and temperance dispose us to lead good lives? –Prudence, justice, fortitude, and temperance dispose us to lead good lives, as indicated below: 1. Prudence  disposes us in all circumstances to form right judgments about what we must do or not do. It teaches us when and how to act in matters relating to our eternal salvation. Prudence perfects the intelligence, which is the power of forming judgments; for this virtue, knowledge and experience are important. Prudence shows us how to leave earthly things in order to earn riches for eternity. It is the eye of the soul, for it tells us what is good and what is evil. It is like a compass that directs our course in life. It is opposed to worldly wisdom. â€Å"Be prudent therefore and watchful in prayers† (1 Pet. 4:7).Prudence is a virtue of the understanding. 2. Justice  disposes us to give ever yone what belongs to him. -It teaches us to give what is due to God and to man. It makes us willing to live according to the commandments. Justice perfects the will and safeguards the rights of man: his right to life, freedom, honor, good name, sanctity of the home, and external possessions. The just man is an upright man. He gives to every one his due: he gives God worship; the authorities, obedience; his subordinates, rewards and punishments; and his equals, brotherly love. Render to all men whatever is their due; tribute to whom tribute is due; taxes to whom taxes are due; fear to whom fear is due; honor to whom honor is due† (Rom. 13:7). 3. Fortitude  disposes us to do what is good in spite of any difficulty. -It gives us strength to do good and avoid evil in spite of all obstacles and afflictions. We possess fortitude when we are not hindered by ridicule, threats, or persecution from doing what is right; when we are ready, if necessary, to suffer death. The greatest for titude is shown by  bearing great suffering  rather than undertaking great works.No saint was ever a coward. The martyrs had fortitude. 4. Temperance  disposes us to control our desires and to use rightly the things which please our senses. -It regulates our judgment and passions, so that we may make use of temporal things only in so far as they are necessary for our eternal salvation. We have temperance when we eat and drink only what is necessary to sustain life, preserve health, and fulfill our duties. We should strive to be like St. Francis of Sales, who said: â€Å"I desire very little, and that little I desire but little. However, temperance does not consist in refusing or denying ourselves what is necessary, thus unfitting ourselves for good works. Which are some of the other moral virtues? –Filial piety  and  patriotism, which dispose us to honor, love, and respect our parents and our country. It is, however, no virtue but a sin if we are so prejudiced in f avor of our parents that we find no good in others; or if we are so â€Å"patriotic† that we see no good in other nations. The division and mutual antagonisms of nations and peoples in which certain ones rofess to find themselves as â€Å"superior† can certainly not please God; from them come war and revenge. God is Father of all nations and peoples, without exception. 1. Obedience, which disposes us to do the will of our superiors. Obedience consists not only in  doing  what is commanded by our superior, but in being  willing to do  what is commanded. One who grumbles and murmurs while doing what his mother asks him to do is not obedient. Obedience is a virtue only when one subjects his will to that of another for God's sake, not for material or natural motives.Christ is the model of obedience, for He obeyed completely and lovingly, even to the death of the Cross. â€Å"An obedient man shall speak of victory† (Prov. 21:28). 2. Veracity, which disposes u s to tell the truth. We should always be truthful, as children of God, Who is Truth itself. Veracity, however, does not require us to reveal secrets, or to reply to questions about which the questioner has no right to ask. In cases such as these, we should either remain silent, or return an evasive answer. â€Å"Wherefore, put away lying, and speak truth each one with his neighbor, because we are members of one another† (Eph. :25). 3. Patience, which disposes us to bear up under trials and difficulties. In sickness and ill fortune, in the difficulties of our occupations, in our weaknesses, let us have serenity of mind, for the love of God: â€Å"And bear fruit in patience† (Luke 8:15). â€Å"Be patient in tribulation, persevering in prayer† (Rom. 12:12). Besides these, there are many other moral virtues. Religion  is the highest moral virtue, since it disposes us to offer to God the worship that is due Him. Religion is classed under the virtue of justice.

resevoir dogs essays

resevoir dogs essays "I don't give a fuck what you know or don't know, but I'm gonna torture you anyway, regardless. Not to get information. It's so amusing for me to torture a cop. All you can do is pray for a quick death, which you This guy was the most twisted and sickly perverted guy in the whole movie. He had no reservations about killing people. He was brutal. He loved torture and death. By his own admission he liked to see the peoples' expressions when they died. He was totally ruthless. He had no conscience. I can't really explain why I liked this character so much. I don't EVER want to be like him or do the things he did. There was just something attractive about all his negative personality traits. Before he really getting into torturing the cop, he casually turns on the radio as if he some music to accompany the grizzly acts he was about to commit. He was a man who insisted on having total control. He liked controlling situations and people. When they were in the jewelry store he advised the employees not to hit the alarm. When they did, he started them. This was his way of regaining control of the situation. At the same he was acting out this concept, he was actually totally out of control. He went fucking crazy in the store. He slaughtered the people lined up in the store like he was shooting clay ducks in a local carnival shooting gallery. I know this is a contradiction, but Mr. Blonde was a contradiction of himself. He had double standards. He hated the cop just because he was a cop. He didn't recognize him as a real person. Mr. Pink and Mr. White confirm this at the warehouse when they discuss him shooting REAL people, which cops are not. They say he just went crazy. They seemed to fear his craziness. His calm facade was a cover for the monstrous things he did to ...

Political Communication in the Electronic Age Essay

Political Communication in the Electronic Age - Essay Example Few people write letters or read the newspapers anymore as these are seemingly archaic methods of communication and have the added disadvantage of costing money, regardless of how little this sum might actually be.   â€Å"Nowadays, we think nothing of emailing our aunts in Germany and getting an answer back within minutes, or seeing the latest streaming video full of up to the minute news† (Boswell, 2006).   Neither letter-writing nor newspaper delivery can provide the instant information that is today essential for businesses in the modern world to compete effectively and simply a fact of life that is taken for granted for most in the developed world.   This fact alone has changed the way in which the politicians of the world must reach out to their constituency if they expect to gain support.   People, the public at large as well as politicians, are now turning to alternative forms of receiving information, such as blogs, video blogs, webcasts, chatrooms and listser vs.   However, this introduces new challenges in determining just how to determine credible sources from noncredible and just how far the internet should be allowed to go in terms of free speech and expression.   Decency, censorship, free speech, ethicsOne of the controversial aspects of the internet and instant posting is that the internet provides a means of gathering news that has not necessarily been filtered through the many regulations and restrictions imposed by national or state boundaries.   This is primarily due to the fact that the internet itself is not regulated.

Ground Combat Vehicle Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Ground Combat Vehicle - Research Paper Example It was designed and developed by a combination of proficient and highly qualified engineers. Ground combat vehicles are acquired through a special process known as the testing and evaluation. Departments of defense have in the recent past been keen on the application of Test and Evaluation (T & E) in acquisition of ground combat vehicles in the automobile industry. The process of evaluation takes a systematic review on three major documents related to the technical conditions of the vehicle before acquisition. The first document is the statement of objectives, which contains the parameters for ensuring that the combat vehicles are able to satisfy the objectives for which it is acquired. The next document is the statement of work. Statement of work contains information related to the working conditions of the vehicle. It seeks to confirm if the technical specification of the vehicle satisfies the requirements for the specified task and the possible life span. The United States of America has been in the process of acquiring major programs that is expected to replace the fragments of the Future Combat systems (FCS). An illustration to this is where the eight versions of the track controlled Ground Vehicle are replaced by the FCS. The US Federal Army is presently in the process of acquiring new combat vehicles to be produced under the Ground Combat Vehicle (GCV) program presently under formulation. TRADOC Company and Ft. Monroe are presently preparing a map for the capability-gaps that exist in the today situation and the future requirements. The requirement in this project is a single common vehicle. Alternatively, it can be satisfied by many types of Ground Combat Vehicles. The last evaluation of this study came out in the month of September 2009 and it was very critical because it helped in bringing very critical information to the limelight, and this benefited many people. The review of this program was also very vital

With reference to your own research, do you think that the ability of Assignment

With reference to your own research, do you think that the ability of a business to act successfully in a social responsibility manner is mainly determined by the products it produces - Assignment Example Introduction Corporate Social Responsibility or CSR for short is the ability of a business to manifest its truest basis to the public time and again. This means that its aim is to be truthful to all and sundry to create a positive mindset and image about the different product and service offerings under its organizational aegis. This paper will highlight the potential benefits of CSR which is in relation to the cost for businesses and stakeholders. It will also highlight how the CSR becomes a significant entity in relation to several other objectives of the organization. Then there will be some influences which determine the kind of responsibilities that are accepted by a business enterprise and the ones which are not while also highlighting some of the factors which discern the extent to which a business can be deemed as socially responsible. The value and the dire limitations towards businesses and stakeholders in the realms of social reporting will be discussed as will be the exte nt to which governments have a role in influencing the CSR. ... Hence in conjunction with what the businesses and stakeholders think and act, it is pertinent that the premise of CSR is given importance. How this happens is a difficult process though. These businesses and stakeholders need to find a way through which they can reach the minds of their consumers so that they can eventually bring about a sale or make use of their services. The bottom line however is an intention to bring about a sale. Even though this might not be said, the role of CSR is to build a positive word of mouth for the business regimes which will eventually set about a pragmatic feel for all and sundry related with the business. The stakeholders might find it difficult to understand the message that CSR is trying to send their way but in entirety it is being conveyed in one form or the other. Hence in relation to businesses and stakeholders, the role of CSR is of paramount significance because it communicates a message like none other. The need is to realize how CSR is wor king to its full capacity and allow it to propagate a message which is for the overall betterment of the organization, a case in point being Nike where CSR is always seen imperatively. Similarly, CSR for the sake of Apple helps it to establish its basis within markets where Nokia and Samsung are in common use as far as mobile phones are related. The question that remains here is whether or not both Nike and Apple are doing all that they can to bring about something further in the name of CSR than merely producing goods and products (Petersen, 2012). Importance of CSR Relative to Other Corporate Objectives Since corporate objectives of every business are different, the role of CSR also takes a

The Social Security System today is one that Beveridge would Essay

The Social Security System today is one that Beveridge would recognise. Discuss - Essay Example Modern social security system is the Great Britain differs from its programs and implementations proposed during 1930s-1940s (Alcock & Craig, 2001). William Beveridge, an economist and social reformer, was one of those politicians who proposed a comprehensive social system aimed to support British population and improve conditions of life for millions of people. It is possible to say that Beveridge would resognise modern social security system because it meets the main principles and values proposed by Beveridge 70 years ago. Critics (Alcock & Craig, 2001) admit that the modern benefit system is still based on the Beveridge Report of 1942 (Siegfried 1963). Beveridge's model for a new system of social security envisaged a central role for universal and comprehensive social insurance, building on the national insurance scheme established by the 1911 Liberal Government (Aaron 1982). His intention was that the new system of insurance benefits would guarantee a subsistence level of income to cover the major causes of income loss, through unemployment, sickness, and old age, whilst individuals would be encouraged to provide a higher standard of living for their families by voluntary savings (Morgan, 1994). Beveridge hoped that such a scheme would satisfy the needs of most of the population, but accepted that a safety net of residual assistance would have to be available for those who failed to qualify under the contributory scheme (Alcock & Craig, 2001). According to the Beveridge Plan, such a social security system could not be implemented in isolation; the government also had to be committed to introducing family allowances and a national health service, and to maintaining full employment. In this way, Beveridge, like subsequent policy makers, recognized the interrelationship between social security and other areas of government policy. Today, to promote security, and particularly economic security, the Great Britain developed a variety of social security programs. Some have taken the form of "social insurance whereby contributions are made to a fund by workers, employers, self-employed persons, and governments, and payments are made to persons whose income has stopped for such reasons as old age, disability, unemployment, or death of the wage earner (Siegfried 1963). Other programs have taken the form of "social assistance" whereby persons in need receive public relief or pensions by virtue of age or for other reasons (Morgan, 1994). Still other social assistance programs have taken t he form of "social benefits" whereby all persons meeting certain qualifications such as attainment of a prescribed age and having a certain period of citizenship or residence receive benefits, without regard to any previous contributions or taxes paid or demonstration of individual need (Alcock & Craig, 2001). In contrast to previous models and programs proposed by the government, modern social security meets the basic principles and philosophy of Beveridge. As the most important, modern security system covers not only elderly people but unemployed, poor, old age, disabled and other categories. Each of the Government spends more than 1 billion on benefits and their administration (McKay & Rowlingson, 1999). Today social security benefits in Britain, as in most other developed countries, fall

Contemporary influences on design practice

Contemporary influences on design practice There are professions more harmful than industrial design, but only a very few by creating whole new species of permanent garbage to clutter up the landscape, and by choosing materials and processes that pollute the air we breath, designers have become a dangerous breed In this age of mass production when everything must be planned and designed, design has become the most powerful tool with which man shapes his tools and environments (and, by extension, society and himself). This demands high social and moral responsibility from the designer. Victor Papanek (1985) Design for sustainability is part of the bigger picture of sustainable development, a subject which has received considerable media attention in recent years due to a range of world wide crises which have manifested themselves as political problems: climate change, famine, disease and poverty. The evolution of sustainability Is been described as a series of three waves, with peaks and troughs of activity, that contribute to the momentum we see today (SustainAbility, 2006). The first wave occurred in the 1960s and 1970s with the birth of the Green Movement and the rise of Non Governmental Organisations (NGOs), such as Friends of the Earth and Greenpeace, which focused on driving change via government policy and regulation. The second wave occurred in the 1980s, set off by a range of economic crises (brought on by the collapse of the Berlin Wall) and environmental catastrophes (from Bhopal to Chernobyl) which prompted a range of legislation and environmental, healthy and safety standards. At this time NGOs used a number of high profile business transgressions to catalyse public debate and drive regulatory and market responses. The concepts of auditing, reporting and engagement within business entered the mainstream (SustainAbility, 2006). The new millennium saw the start of the third wave of sustainability. Unrest in the Middle East and elsewhere had led to a growth in anti-globalisation, often in the guise of anti-Americanism. The first World Social Forum, organised in opposition to the World Economic Forum brought together activists and NGOs from around the world, campaigning on issues such as trade justice and debt, and increasingly united on issues of water scarcity and exploitation. In the wake of another set of high profile business fiascos such as the Enron debacle, corporate governance and liability became a hot issue for top management and for financial markets. Meanwhile, businesses started to explore new partnerships with NGOs, for example Greenpeace and Shell shared a platform at the Johannesburg Summit, also Greenpeace formed a joint venture with Innogy to create the Juice wind power brand, which recently began to feed power generated by a huge offshore wind farm into the national grid (SustainAbility, 2006). Since the late 1960s when Victor Papanek (1971) first blamed the design profession for creating wasteful products and customer dissatisfaction, there has been a growing feeling in many environmental circles that design and manufacture is responsible for many of the man-made stresses imposed on the planet. A fact that is well illustrated by the fact 80 % of products are discarded after a single use and 99 % of materials used are discarded in the first six weeks (Shot in the Dark, 2000). Though this trend is expected to start to change with the introduction of new product focused environmental legislation, the fact still remains that mainstream product de ­sign draws on scarce resources to create and power products which often have little or no consideration for impact on society and the environment. Defining Industrial Design Throughout the nineteenth century, the term de ­signer was vague and ambiguous, referring to a wide range of occupations: fine artists, architects, crafts ­men, engineers and inventors (Sparke, 1983). By the twentieth century the profession of design had de ­veloped into Industrial Design as we know it today, existing in design teams and governed by manage ­ment structure (Sparke, 1983). Within industry, industrial designers tend to either work in-house, as a function of a larger organisation or as independent design consultants within a design consultancy that services a variety of different clients (Lofthouse, 2001). Within both of these capacities industrial designers can be involved in the design and development of both consumer and industrial goods (Lofthouse, 2001). This report focuses on consumer products. Within this sector, industrial designers can serve a wide range of industries such as pharmaceuti ­cals, packaging, and electrical and electronic domestic products, as such their outputs can vary enormously in terms of their nature and complexity. Design for Sustainability Emerges The concept of design for sustainability first emerged in the 1960s when Packard (1963); Papanek (1971); Bonsiepe (1973) and Schumacher (1973) began to criticise modern and unsustainable development and suggest alternatives. The second wave emerged in the late 1980s and early 1990s and coincided with the green consumer revolution. Writers such as Manzini (1990); Burall (1991), Mackenzie (1991) and Ryan (1993) began to call for design to make radical changes. This wave continued to gain momentum towards the end of the 1990s and early 2000s as design for sustainability became more widespread. Though there has been a long history of designers being mo ­tivated and interested in improving the environmen ­tal and social impact of the products they produce, there has been a lack of opportunity within the in ­dustrial context with case studies only starting to emerge from electronic and electrical companies in the early 1990s when companies such as Philips, Elec ­trolux, IBM and Xerox began to promote the work they had done in this area. Although large industry commitment to integrating environmental and social issues into product development has continued to be on the rise there has been little evidence of wide ­spread opportunity for this type of holistic thinking, in the commercial design industry. Design for sustainability issues are currently rarely addressed in the design brief (Dewberry, 1996; Lofthouse, 2001) and as such it is often difficult for designers to have the opportunity to engage with environmentally and socially responsible design in a professional capacity. This report aims to change this situation and encourage a more widespread ap ­proach to design for sustainability. Education In the past environmental and socially responsible design has not been specifically encouraged through design education and training. This is now changing for example in the UK programmes such as STEP and Sustainable Design Awards developed and run by the charity Practical Action are set up to encourage sustainability awareness in young designers working at National Curriculum key stage 3 and 4 (ages 11- 16) and A-levels respectively. Similarly projects such as DEMI (design for the environment multi-media implementation), and the pioneering work of the Centre for Sustainable Design, Goldsmiths College, Loughborough University and the setting up of a Toolbox for Sustainable Design (Bhamra and Loft ­house, 2004) which aims to help other lecturers develop sustainable design courses have helped to change this situation. Research in the field of design for sustainability is now well established, though it can still be consid ­ered a new area. Most of the developed nations now have some form of active research into design for sustainability, covering issues such as: implementa ­tion of legislation, eco-innovation, corporate social responsibility, product service systems, eco-redesign, impacts of user behaviour, design for disassembly and reverse manufacturing. Introduction. Challenge for Design Part of the challenge for designers is for them to fully understand the breadth of the agenda and appreciate what can be tackled under the umbrella of design for sustainability. Within the design community there is a general lack of awareness of many issues relating to sustainable development. Designers need to under ­stand and even communicate to their colleagues that design for sustainability is about more than recycling or using recycled materials. Design for sustainability offers a new and broader context for designing. Birkeland (2002) encapsulates this by presenting a new vision for design which is: Responsible redefining goals around needs, social/eco equity and justice. Synergistic creating positive synergies; involv ­ing different elements to create systems change. Contextual re-evaluating design conventions and concepts towards social transformation. Holistic taking a life cycle view to ensure low impact, low cost, multi-functional outcomes. Empowering fosters human potential, self-re ­liance and ecological understanding in appropri ­ate ways. Restorative integrates the social and natural world; recultivates a sense of wonder. Eco-efficient proactively aims to increase the economy of energy, materials and costs. Creative represents a new paradigm that tran ­scends traditional boundaries of discipline think ­ing. Visionary focuses on visions and outcomes and conceives of appropriate methods, to deliver them. This report aims to reverse the trend of design con ­tributing to global environmental and social prob ­lems by inspiring and empowering me to make a dif ­ference. It hopes to enlighten about the sustainability generally and show how better design can improve things. By considering the environment and society when you are designing you are able to offer your cli ­ents truly good design that meets their requirements and those of an increasingly fragile planet. In accordance with this report, I consider emergent in actuality the guide accomplished by Lunar Elements in july 2008. It represent a tool designed to help all designers, no matter what their level of experience, design more sustainable products. The designers field guide to sustainability- an overview of sustainable product development and the product life cycle Lunar Elements (2008) WHAT IS IT TRYING TO ACCOMPLISH ? Question the premise of the design Consider other approaches to the problem at hand Make is less complex Simple, elegant designs are often the least impactful Make it more useful Multiuse products can reduce consumption and in ­crease convenience HOW IS I T BROUGHT TO LIFE? Reduce material variety This can increase recyclability and can decrease man ­ufacturing energy Avoid toxic or harmful materials and chemicals PVC, polystyrene, lead and BPA for example Reduce size and weight This reduces emissions during shipping Optimize manufacturing processes Powder coat vs. paint. Pressure form vs. RIM Talk to your manufacturers about low energy, low waste alternatives Design packaging in parallel with products A green product in a wasteful package should be avoided whenever possible HOW I S IT USED? Design for Upgradeability Make standard internal components accessible and self explanatory Create durable and high quality designs Make products people want to keepand make them last Design for life after death A secondary use for a product adds value and helps reduce waste WHERE DOES IT END UP? Make it modular More easily repaired, and recycled Maximize recycled, recyclable, renewable, and biodegradable materials PET, Polypropylene, HDPE, Wood, Steel, Aluminum and PLA for example Minimize fasteners Fasteners add weight, material variety and assembly/ disassembly complexity Dont use paint Painted plastics are less likely to be recycled References Bhamra, T. A. and Lofthouse, V. A. (2004), Toolbox for Sustainable Design Education. Available at: www.lboro.ac.uk/research/susdesign/LTSN/Index.htm (Loughborough: Loughborough University). Birkeland, J. (2002), Design for Sustainability: A Sourcebook of Integrated, Eco-Logical Solutions (Sheffield: Earthscan Publications). Bonsiepe, G. (1973) Precariousness and Ambiguity: Industrial Design in Dependent Countries in Design for Need Bicknell, J. and McQiston, L. (eds.) pp. 13-19 (London: Pergamon Press, The RCA). Burall, P. (1991), Green Design (London: Design Council). Dewberry, E. L. (1996), EcoDesign Present Attitudes and Future Directions, Heskett, J. (1991), Industrial Design (London: Thames Hudson). Industrial Design Society of America (1999), IDSA web site. Available at: www.idsa.org Lofthouse, V. A. (2001), Facilitating Ecodesign in an Industrial Design Context: An Exploratory Study, Doctoral Thesis (Cranfield: In Enterprise Integration Cranfield University). Mackenzie, D. (1991), Green Design: Design for the Environment (London: Laurence King Publishing Ltd.). Manzini, E. (1990), The New Frontiers: Design Must Change and Mature, Design, 501, p. 9. Packard, V. (1963), The Waste Makers (Middlesex: Penguin). Papanek, V. (1971), Design for the Real World (New York: Pantheon Books). Papanek, V. (1985), Design pentru lumea reala (Bucuresti: Editura Tehnica) Ryan, C. (1993) Design and the Ends of Progress in O2 Event: Striking Visions, Schumacher, E. F. (1973), Small is Beautiful: a Study of Economics as if People Mattered (London: Sphere Books, Ltd.). Shot in the Dark (2000), Design on the Environment: Ecodesign for Business (Sheffield: Shot in the Dark) Sparke, P. (1983), Consultant Design: The History and Practice of the Designer in Industry (London: Pembridge Press Limited). Design for sustainability Sustainability (2006), Trends and Waves. Available at: www.sustainability.com/insight/trends-and-waves.asp.